Diabetes is a chronic condition that can lead to severe complications, including foot problems such as ulcers and infections, that may result in lower limb amputations. As someone with diabetes, you’re much more likely to develop problems with your feet. However, with appropriate management and timely intervention, many of these amputations can be prevented. This article explores the key aspects of diabetic foot management and strategies to avoid amputations. 

Understanding Diabetic Foot Complications

Diabetic complications arise primarily due to two factors: –  

• Peripheral Neuropathy. Diabetes can cause nerve damage, leading to a loss of sensation or feeling in the feet. This makes it difficult for individuals to notice injuries, which can worsen over time.  

• Peripheral Arterial Disease. Peripheral Arterial disease reduces blood flow to the feet, impairing the healing process and increasing the risk of infections.
  

How to Prevent an Amputation by Implementing Good Foot Care

Regular Foot Examinations: –  

• Daily self-examinations of the feet are crucial. If you pick up any issues, you should arrange to see your healthcare provider straight away; they should see you urgently, as foot problems can get worse quickly and they need urgent treatment. 

• Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider are also essential to detect problems early. You should have at least an annual foot check, from which your risk of developing feet problems will be assessed. If you have moderate or high risk of foot issues, you may need to see a foot specialist.
  

To help with daily self-examination, Diabetes UK has helpful information as to Signs of serious foot problems | Diabetes UK. If you spot any of the following changes, you need to see your GP: 

• tingling sensation or pins and needles (like numbness) 

• pain (burning) 

• a dull ache 

• shiny, smooth skin on your feet 

• hair loss on your legs and feet 

• loss of feeling in your feet or legs 

• swollen feet 

• your feet do not sweat 

• wounds or sores that do not heal 

• cramp in your calves when resting or walking.
  

And if you notice any of these changes, you need to see your local foot team urgently: 

• changes in the colour and shape of your feet  

• cold or hot feet 

• blisters and cuts that you can see but do not feel. 

• foul smell coming from an open wound
  

Appropriate Foot Hygiene: – 

• Keeping feet clean and dry helps prevent infections.  

• Wash feet daily with mild soap and warm water, and dry them thoroughly, especially between the toes. 

•  Moisturise to prevent dry skin but avoid applying lotion between the toes.
  

Wearing Appropriate Footwear: –  

• Choose shoes that fit well and provide adequate support. Avoid walking barefoot to reduce the risk of injuries.  

• Special diabetic shoes or insoles can help distribute pressure evenly and prevent ulcers.
  

Managing Blood Sugar Levels: – 

• Take your medication regularly and as prescribed 

• Regularly monitor your blood sugar levels and if it is not within your target or you are struggling to manage your diabetes, speak to your healthcare provider about a diabetes review
  

Regular Medical Check-Ups

Regular visits to a podiatrist or healthcare provider specialising in diabetic foot care can help manage and prevent complications. They can provide treatments such as debridement (removal of dead tissue), wound care, and advice on foot care. 

Advanced Treatments to Prevent Amputations

In cases where foot complications have progressed, advanced treatments may be necessary: –  

Revascularisation – Surgical procedures to restore blood flow to the feet can help in healing ulcers and preventing amputations. This should be carried out urgently, as the longer the blood is not flowing to the foot, the greater the risk of the foot being compromised. 

Antibiotic Therapy – Infections require prompt and effective antibiotic treatment to prevent the spread and worsening of the condition. 

Conclusion

Preventing amputations in diabetic patients requires a comprehensive approach that includes regular foot care, proper hygiene, appropriate footwear, blood sugar management, and timely medical intervention. By following these strategies, individuals with diabetes can significantly reduce their risk of foot complications and maintain a better quality of life.

Williamsons Solicitors understand the profound impact that an amputation can have on someone’s life, especially when it is due to the mismanagement of diabetes from a healthcare provider.  

Our experienced team of clinical negligence solicitors are compassionate and have a wealth of expertise to provide expert legal advice to individuals who have suffered amputations due to inadequate diabetes care. 

If you or a loved one has experienced an amputation due to poor diabetes management, contact us today to discuss your case and explore your legal options.